The above values have been provided with both imperial and metric units. As with all calculations care must be taken to keep consistent units throughout. Additional information has been provided below. Notation. ρ = bulk density (the ratio of the total mass to the total volume), ib/ft 3 or kg/m 3; E = elastic modulus, ksi or MPa
methods for solving initial/boundary value problems, and (iv) solution and discussion of some ... the typical dimension of the pores or rock grains), yet small enough to allow the introduction ... the drained bulk modulus K, the undrained bulk modulus K u,andtheBiotcoefficient α. (Correspondences be-
Mar 07, 2020· Figure 11 shows the relationship between static and dynamic bulk modulus with respect to rock types. As can be seen, for igneous rock the value of R 2 = 0.77, for sedimentary rocks the value of R 2 = 0.38 and for metamorphic rocks, the value of R 2 …
Oct 30, 2018· Locked-in stress is a special stress objectively existing in the rock which has an important influence on the mechanical properties. However, there were few studies on the locked-in stress in rocks. The locked-in stress was simplified into spherical inclusions of stress. Based on the Eshelby inclusion theory, the influence equation of the locked-in stress on the elastic modulus of the rock is ...
4 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 Bulk Modulus (GPa) Porosity SOLID GLASS Frame-Supported Disintegrated Honeycomb Structure A critical porosity value exists which is typical for a given class of porous materials. Each class is defined on the basis of common mineralogy and/or diagenetic porosity reduction
Rock Mechanics Properties of Typical Foundation Rock Types: Summarizing physical and mechanical tests of rock samples from several types of foundation sites ... ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF ROCK CORE SAMPLES STATIC MODULUS OF ELASTICITY SPECIFIC GRAVITY ABSORPTION,% No. No. spec. avg 2.94 range 0.16 ~g 0.1 range 0.1 spec. stressrange psi 0-2000 0 ...
Feb 12, 2018· For the sake of completeness, the typical subgrade reaction modulus are listed below in Tables 1 and 2. Note that these values are valid for a 12″ plate resting on uniform soils. If there is no potential for creep and long-term consolidation, the following equations can be used in order to account for different foundation sizes (Terzaghi, 1955):
Dec 07, 2005· A subgrade modulus for rock is not of much use. The modulus is defined as pressure/measured deflection. Rock, unlike soil, does not compress when pressure is applied (i.e. it will crack before its compressibility can be mearured). Thus, the rock will experience a brittle fracture failure instead of a slow compression as can be seen in most soils.
Typical values of E. Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are measured directly in uniaxial compression or extension tests, i.e. tests with constant (or zero) residual stress. Young's modulus Poisson's ratio n' = - de r / de a. Note: If the material is incompressible so e v = 0 Poisson's ratio is n = 0.5.
The question is why the decrease in bulk modulus of a rock is not as rapid as it is after 10% of gas saturation. Attached is a general bulk modulus vs water saturation/ gas saturation graph.
Jun 20, 2013· Bulk modulus: 180 GPa: … basalt rock bulk modulus. Basalt Crusher,Basalt Production,Basalt Rock Mining Equipment … SBM is a professional Basalt crusher and basalt mining equipment manufacturer. cone crusher for sale in canada. typical bulk modulus values of rock – Gold Ore Crusher. typical bulk modulus values of rock. …
t50 value of a rock vs the unconfined compressive strength gives a visual comparison of the strength and modulus values of different rocks. ! M R= E t50 / σ a (unconfined compressive strength) - Modulus Ratio – and Miller Classification 50%! Strain! s! Slope of the line tangent at 50% of the ! unconfined compressive strength = E t50! 34!
1 GPa = 10 9 Pa (N/m 2); Stainless steel with Bulk Modulus 163 10 9 Pa is aprox. 80 times harder to compress than water with Bulk Modulus 2.15 10 9 Pa.. Example - Density of Seawater in the Mariana Trench - the deepest known point in the Earth's oceans - 10994 m.. The hydrostatic pressure in the Mariana Trench can be calculated as. p 1 = (1022 kg/m 3) (9.81 m/s 2) (10994 m)
typical bulk modulus values of rock ASTM International – ASTM D7012 – 10 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength and Elastic Moduli of Intact Rock … Uniaxial compressive strength (Method C) of rock is used in many design formulas and is sometimes used as an index property to select the appropriate excavation technique.
where K is called the bulk modulus. Note that G and K are related to E and < as follows 2.2 Dynamic Elastic Constants The Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and shear modulus can be determined by dynamic methods. Dynamic elastic properties are obtained by rapid application of stress to a rock …
rock - rock - Mechanical properties: When a stress σ (force per unit area) is applied to a material such as rock, the material experiences a change in dimension, volume, or shape. This change, or deformation, is called strain (ε). Stresses can be axial—e.g., directional tension or simple compression—or shear (tangential), or all-sided (e.g., hydrostatic compression).
Stiffness of Clays and Silts: Normalizing Shear Modulus and Shear Strain P. J. Vardanega, Ph.D., M.ASCE1; and M. D. Bolton, Ph.D.2 Abstract: An analysis is presented of a database of 67 tests on 21 clays and silts of undrained shear stress-strain data of fine-grained soils.
elastic modulus, or Young's modulus, and shear modulus are used when deformations in underground mines need to be computed. Experimentally, the elastic modulus can be determined from the stress–strain response of a rock sample subjected to uniaxial compression. However, this is a complicated and time consuming experiment. very
Shear modulus and bulk modulus Shear or rigidity modulus: σS =GεS =µεs Bulk modulus (1/compressibility): −P =Kεv Can write the bulk modulus in terms of the Lamé parameters λ, µ: K = λ+ 2µ/3 and write Hooke's law as: σ= (λ+2µ) ε Young's or stiffness modulus: σn =Eεn Mt Shasta andesite
Structural Services, Inc. Page 1 of 11 Modulus of Subgrade Reaction - Which One Should be Used? By Wayne W. Walker, P.E., F.ACI and Jerry A. Holland, P.E., F.ACI The modulus of subgrade reaction is an often misunderstood and misused concept for the thickness design of
the use of static modulus instead of dynamic equivalent has an even less significant impact on Δt values. As all the laboratory-measured static data used to calculate Δt are measurements on dry rocks, the effect of modulus dispersion (i.e. difference between static and dynamic) should be minor. This issue will be dealt with briefly in the ...
The bulk modulus of any pore fluid must be used to inter-pret the seismic response and perform a fluid substitution for Direct Hydrocarbon Indicator analysis. However, fluids will have losses and show dispersion as a result of the viscoelas-tic behavior of the bulk modulus. This behavior can be de-scribed through the bulk viscosity.
The static bulk modulus (K stat) and Young's modulus (E ... The arrow indicate the strain rate of a typical rock mechanical labo-ratory test. rate and frequency for such waves, as illustrated in Fig. 1. By comparison, the strain rate induced during a typical rock
bulk volume may at times be less than true values of bulk volume is shown by the fact that the computed apparent porosity occasionally exceeds the computed total porosity where bulk volume is obtained by mercury displacement, and where there is no evidence that adsorp tive effects have resulted in erroneously large determinations of pore volume.
The effect of Poisson's ratio is one of the parameters used for the calculation of modulus value in an in situ test. Sharma and Singh (1989) found that it is not much variation in the values of the deformation modulus if the value of the Poisson's ratio is between 0.1 and 0.35.
Where k is bulk modulus, µ shear modulus and ρ density of a rock. Although the actual rocks are not isotropic and homogeneous, elastic equivalency exists between the two to a great extent in Layered media when the velocities are approximated as Interval, Average and RMS. Velocity ratio (Vp/Vs) and Acoustic Impedance (AI) can be expressed as
Jan 27, 2019· Table of Fluid Bulk Modulus (K) Values There are bulk modulus values for solids (e.g., 160 GPa for steel; 443 GPa for diamond; 50 MPa for solid helium) and gases (e.g., 101 kPa for air at constant temperature), but the most common tables list values for liquids.
L 0 L A F E ∆ ∆ = This modulus reflects the stiffness of earth materials. E is the ratio of stress to strain.If our aim is to lengthen or shorten a rock without actually breaking it, the greater the value of E, the larger the stress that is needed to achieve the deformation.